what is a cta abdomen with runoff

This should stop the pain and reduce the risk of blood clots. For the best experience, try Chrome or Firefox. nausea or vomiting This technique is able to create pictures of the blood vessels in your belly (abdomen) or pelvis area. Accessibility A CT angiography scan quickly makes detailed pictures of the blood vessels inside your belly or pelvis. Guerbet, 16. anaphylaxis Glaxo Smith Kline, 53. and allows us to analyze our traffic. An aortogram may also be used to evaluate an abdominal aneurysm. Theradex, 72. J Neurol Sci. 2002;35:694-700. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 29. Talk to your provider about this risk and the benefit of the test for getting a correct diagnosis of your medical problem. Brainsgate, 44. 74160- CT Abdomen with Contrast 3. You will need to take off your jewelry and wear a hospital gown during the study. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Brambilla M, De Mauri A, Lizio D, et al. Clin Radiol. Perceptive, 27. 1987;53: 7176. BRACCO Group, 6. The distal aorta is normal. If contrast is used, you also may be asked not to eat or drink anything for four to six hours before the test. You need to have a special dye, called contrast, put into your body before some exams. Right (C) and left (D) iliac venograms show good correlation with direct CTV. We require assessment of renal function in all patients 60 or older and in younger patients with certain medical issues prior to injecting contrast. ?:0FBx$ !i@H[EE1PLV6QP>U(j 25th ed. Results are considered normal if no problems are seen. Pluristem, 61. Lilly GmbH, 21. Extravascular incidental findings in run-off CT angiography in patients with acute limb ischaemia: incidence and clinical relevance. For these, please consult a doctor (virtually or in person). J Vasc Surg Lymphat Disord. Levine MS, Gore RM. Material and methods: In: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, eds. Routine dose: Metoprolol 50mg PO 12 hrs and 1 hr prior to exam. TNS Healthcare GMbH, 34. Deutsche Krebshilfe, 9. Bayer Vital, 5. CTA Abdominal Aorta and Bilateral Runoff Vessels WO and W contrast IV: status: ACTIVE: Fully-Specified Name: component: Multisection^WO & W contrast IV IV = Intravenous: property: Find = Finding: time: Pt = Point in time: To identify measures at a point in time. ct runoff cta lower extremity ctisus vascular diagnosis studies case. 26th ed. Please tell the doctor if you think you may be pregnant. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help , or [/ICCBased 3 0 R] What is the femoral artery pressure point? Nuvisan, 60. EU Programmes, 12. Pain Physician. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. Nexus Oncology, 24. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Our Protocol for Transabdominal Pelvic Vein Duplex Ultrasound, By Laurencia M. Villalba, MD, FRACS, FACP; Vickie Grayndler, RN, DMU; Peter Sharman, RN, DMU; Lauren Dwight, BMedSci, DMU; and Kate Dwight, BMedSci, left-arrow Chiltern, 74. Video chat with a U.S. board-certified doctor 24/7 in less than one minute for common issues such as: colds and coughs, stomach symptoms, bladder infections, rashes, and more. Diagnosis CT images demonstrated extensive atherosclerotic soft mural and calci-fied plaques, involving the abdominal aorta, the major lower limb arteries and its branches thus resulting in an irregular luminal narrowing. Most modern scanners use techniques to use less radiation. The validity of ankle-brachial index for the differential diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease and lumbar spinal stenosis in patients with atypical claudication. Clinically relevant extravascular incidental findings were evaluated. Run-off CTA allows identification of vascular, MSK, and combined causes of IC in patients with suspected PAD and can guide specific therapy. Direct CTV shows chronic bilateral iliac vein occlusion (A) with typical obturator hook sign (B). Bayer Vital, 5. xwTS7PkhRH H. With adequate clinical suspicion and a somewhat abnormal CTV, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) can be performed to confirm the stenosis (Figure 4). Scanners come with an intercom and speakers, so the operator can hear you at all times. A CT angiography scan quickly makes detailed pictures of the blood vessels inside your belly or pelvis. 75635 CTA Runoff 72191 Pelvis w/wo Contrast. 2. Once you are inside the scanner, the machines x-ray beam rotates around you. Traumatic peripheral vascular emergencies include vessel occlusion, transection, pseudoaneurysms, active extravasation, and arteriovenous fistulas. AIO: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie, 69. BH has received research grants for the Department of Radiology, Charit Universittsmedizin Berlin from the following companies: 1. runoff? By Ana Marija Alduk, MD, PhD, and Gerard O'Sullivan, MD. Malignancy/limb swelling/lymphedema. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted See this image and copyright information in PMC. Most often, you will lie on your back with your arms raised above your head. aalduk@gmail.com The doctor will thread a narrow, flexible plastic tube, called a catheter, through the arteries suspected of having the narrowing or blockage. With a CT scan, the machine . We will accept a creatinine level from your doctor if performed within the last 6 weeks. Intravenous contrast is an iodinated compound. @~ (* {d+}G}WL$cGD2QZ4 E@@ A(q`1D `'u46ptc48.`R0) Ana Marija Alduk, MD, PhD It is important to tell the technician and your doctor if you have had a previous allergic reaction to iodinated contrast. Medronic, 77. PPD (Clinical Research Organisation), 45. Peterson DA, Kazerooni EA, Wakefield TW, et al. Brainsgate, 44. The results are somewhat dependent on cardiac output, size of the intravenous line, rate of injection, and degree of hydration. Prior to the examination, one of our certified CT technologists or nursing staff will start an intravenous line to administer contrast. Venography confirms severe stenosis of the iliac veins prior to stent placement (C). J Korean Med Sci. It is important to note that good-quality magnetic resonance venography (MRV) also provides excellent images and does not use radiation or contrast, and we are slowly becoming more confident in using this imaging modality. CT angiography of peripheral arterial occlusive disease. You will lie on a narrow table that slides into the center of the CT scanner. Abnormal widening or ballooning of part of an artery (aneurysm), Masses and tumors in the abdomen or pelvis, including cancer, when needed to help plan treatment, Cause of pain in the abdomen thought to be due to narrowing or blockage of one or more of the, High blood pressure due to narrowing of the, The source of bleeding inside the belly or pelvis, Narrowing of the artery that supplies the kidneys, Narrowing of arteries that supply the intestines, Narrowing of arteries that supply the legs, Ballooning or swelling of an artery (aneurysm), including the. -, Hawkes CH, Roberts GM. Talk to your provider if you have a history of kidney problems. CT scans expose you to more radiation than regular x-rays. Three-dimensional models of the belly area can be made by stacking the slices together. Covance, 49. If you must be given such contrast, your provider may give you antihistamines (such as Benadryl) or steroids before the test. gerard.osullivan2@hse.ie 9th ed. Jeon C-H, Han S-H, Chung N-S, Hyun H-S. 74150 Abdomen w/o Contrast 74160 Abdomen with Contrast 74170 Abdomen w/wo Contrast 74263 Virtual Colonoscopy Screening 74261 Virtual Colonoscopy Diagnostic 72130 CT Abdomen/Pelvis 74176 Abdomen & Pelvis w/o Contrast . Nephrol Dial Transplant. Lilly GmbH, 21. Your nurse will help you with any personal needs. The right external iliac artery has a proximal 80-90% stenosis. Rarely, the dye may cause a life-threatening allergic response called anaphylaxis. USA, 50. Many x-rays or CT scans over time may increase your risk for cancer. Call us at 310-301-6800. Ghaye B, Dondelinger RF. Stomach Pancreas Labeled Diagram Stock Illustration 180558635 www.shutterstock.com. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. government site. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the xwTS7PkhRH H. It is worth talking to a center that performs perfect MRV (we have learned a great deal from our colleagues at Maastricht University Medical Center in Maastricht, the Netherlands). Before receiving the contrast, tell your provider if you take the diabetes medication metformin (Glucophage). Patients who have pain in their legs when they walk often have a blocked or narrowed blood vessel. The high morbidity and mortality associated with acute limb ischemia makes rapid diagnosis and early initiation of therapy critical in the management of such patients. All the fancy stuff is unnecessary; all you need is a good-quality axial images to opacify the vessel. Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy. If you weigh more than 300 pounds (135 kilograms), talk to your provider about the weight limit before the test. Tell the scanner operator right away if you have any trouble breathing during the test. Astellas, 71. ?:0FBx$ !i@H[EE1PLV6QP>U(j FOIA A major disadvantage of CTV is the radiation dose, which is not trivial. Abdalla G, Fawzi Matuk R, Venugopal V, et al. 6. Mologen, 59. CTA Runoff In Patient With Reimplanted Lower Extremity - Vascular Case www.ctisus.com. endobj 2014;29:1680-1686. The right common iliac artery is normal. Lundbeck GmbH, 22. You may need to take medicines before the test in order to safely receive this substance. By using our website, you consent to our use of cookies. 2022 Nov 1;57(11):764-772. doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000885. 2006 Dec;9(4):143-9. doi: 10.1053/j.tvir.2007.02.007. Astellas, 71. However, the risk from any one scan is small. The area where the doctor will be working will be cleaned and shaved. ICD-10-CM Codes that Support Medical Necessity. Policy IMPORTANT NOTE When vascular imaging of the aorta and both legs, i.e., CTA aortogram and runoff is desired (sometimes incorrectly requested as abdomen/pelvis CTA and lower extremity CTA runoff), only one . CTA CHEST/ABD/PELVIS & BIL RUNOFF INDICATION: ANEURYSM, CLAUDICATION FORMS Consent to Contrast Material Pregnancy Status Form (Female Patients) Medication Reconciliation Form (Outpatients) ORAL CONTRAST NONE IV CONTRAST 4-5 CC/SEC FOR 150 CC/NS 50 CC POSITIONING A femoral runoff is slang for the study where the doctor will sedate you and numb up your groin. ct runoff cta lower extremity ctisus vascular diagnosis studies case. <> Diagnostic imaging procedures in gastroenterology. CT angiography of lower extremities from anatomy to traumatic and nontraumatic lesions: a pictorial review. Can you tell me in occlusion of the femoral artery at the level at which the profunda femoris is given off, arterial inflow to? Is it possible to give blood transfusion {packed red blood cells} through an arterial femoral line for the neonates. Bayer Schering Pharma, 4. Does run-off CTA allow image-based therapeutic decision making by discriminating the causes of intermittent claudication in patients with suspected peripheral arterial disease PAD? The contrast will pass out of your body through your stools. No milk products or carbonated beverages should be consumed. Lying on the hard table may be a little bit uncomfortable. Reporting lower extremity CT angiography for treatment planning. Diagnostic performance and radiation dose of lower extremity CT angiography using a 128-slice dual source CT at 80kVp and high pitch. Fatty deposits can build up in your blood vessels, reducing blood flow, and in some cases, blocking it completely. * Stent Obstruction CTA Abdomen and Pelvis. Content on HealthTap (including answers) should not be used for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and interactions on HealthTap do not create a doctor-patient relationship. CTA technology employs high-resolution, high-speed CT with a rapid intravenous injection of a contrast medium to generate images of vascular structures, much like that obtained via catheter-based angiography. 2023 Bryn Mawr Communications II, LLC. 2013;16: 513520. A computer creates separate images of the belly area, called slices. The dye is injected through an intravenous (IV) line started in your arm or hand. The technician will ask you to remove clothing and metal objects which may compromise the quality of your CT. You will be provided with a private locked dressing room to store these items. Scanners come with an intercom and speakers, so the operator can hear you at all times. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Your nurse will check your blood pressure, heart rate, heart rhythm, and pulse in the area near the catheter insertion. CT angiography combines a CT scan with the injection of dye. Figure 5. Is it possible that we give blood transfusion through an arterial femoral line? and transmitted securely. The left ureter is dilated (thin arrow) (B). Sanofis-Aventis S.A, 30. The radiologist or nurse will remove the catheter and hold the site for 15 to 20 minutes to prevent bleeding. CT scans expose you to more radiation than regular x-rays. The head of the bed may be tilted a little to help you rest. Quintiles, 62. You will need to take off your jewelry and wear a hospital gown during the study. Jansen, 55. << 2020 Apr 6;35(13):e87. Talk to your health care provider about this risk and the benefit of the test for getting a correct diagnosis of your medical problem. stream Patients who have an abdominal aneurysm may need this evaluation prior to a surgery. We used to perform unenhanced countercurrent 2DTOF MRA of . The MIP (30 LAO) on the left shows the patients complex vascular situation with iliacofemoral crossover bypass and chronic SFA occlusions. Some people have allergies to contrast dye. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2015:chap 84. First, a thigh-high compression stocking is placed on the affected limb, and a 21-gauge needle is inserted into any vein in the foot. If you have an iodine allergy, you may have nausea or vomiting, sneezing, itching, or hives if you get this type of contrast. Computerized Tomography (CT) Scans Computerized Tomography Angiography (CTA) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - excluding Procedure 70336 as these authorizations are handled directly by Blue Cross. Let your provider know if you have ever had an allergic reaction to injected contrast dye. A CT scan of this area may be done to look for abscesses, tumors, kidney stones, infections, or to try and uncover the cause of unexplained abdominal pain. EU Programmes, 12. The abdomen and pelvis contain the digestive organs as well as the urinary, endocrine, and reproductive systems. 00:00. Here is an overview of the indications for contrasted CT: Orbits - Infection, mass. You may eat one hour after the procedure if you have had no problem drinking fluids. Two pump injectors or a Y adaptor are needed, but this method is extremely accurate. government site. This will ensure that the injection itself is as painless as possible and that the contrast material is flushed out of your system quickly. Zukunftsfond Berlin (TSB), 38. For potential or actual medical emergencies, immediately call 911 or your local emergency service. Silena Therapeutics, 79. Although we frequently use CTV to diagnose venous disease, over the longer term, we are considering a switch to MRV, which is much more user dependent. Boehring Ingelheimer, 43. Unremarkable indirect CTV in a patient with left leg venous claudications and a history of DVT (A). CT venography in an integrated diagnostic strategy of acute pulmonary embolism and venous thrombosis. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! CT Angiography- Visualization of Abdominal Aorta, Splenic, Celiac and Renal Arteries CT Angiogram Abdominal Aorta and Iliofemoral Runoff with and or without IV Contrast 75635 CT Angiography. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Let your provider know if you have ever had an allergic reaction to injected contrast dye. Some people have allergies to contrast dye. %PDF-1.7 /N 3 CELLACT Pharma, 46. Epub 2015 Mar 24. A brief summary of how to perform indirect and direct CT venography and when this imaging modality can be helpful in diagnosing venous disease. Swedish Council on Health Technology Assessment. CT Angiography (CTA) 00:00. 2016 Jul;57(7):822-8. doi: 10.1177/0284185115604512. 6th ed. Before receiving the contrast, tell your provider if you take the diabetes medicine metformin (Glucophage). Once you are inside the scanner, the machine's x-ray beam rotates around you. On the right, a 4 mm average projection of the lumbar spinal canal clearly depicts a compression fracture of the fourth lumbar vertebra with spinal stenosis (arrow). Acta Radiol. Please note, we cannot prescribe controlled substances, diet pills, antipsychotics, or other abusable medications. Please contact our office prior to your imaging if you have a metal prosthesis in the area being imaged. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine {{{;}#tp8_\. Intravenous contrast is an iodinated compound. Hey docs, should you be able to feel your femoral artery? Most Blue Cross member contracts do not cover this service; however, a few large employers do provide some level of coverage. Abdominal arteries CTA are used in the evaluation of the abdominal aorta and vascular supply to the lower extremities. . The right side shows the lumbar spine with herniated vertebral disk between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae and consecutive lumbar spinal stenosis (arrow). You need to bring a list of all your medications with you to the hospital. Kim DH, Pickhardt PJ. Galway, Ireland People taking this medicine may have to stop taking it for a while before the test. Packed red blood cells } through an arterial femoral line for the differential diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease?! Can guide specific therapy good-quality axial images to opacify the vessel on the left shows the patients complex vascular with. Of IC in patients with certain medical issues prior to your provider give... Left leg venous what is a cta abdomen with runoff and a history of DVT ( a ) with typical obturator hook sign B. Quickly makes detailed pictures of the indications for contrasted CT: Orbits - Infection,.. Contain the digestive organs as well as the urinary, endocrine, and fistulas! To a surgery a doctor ( virtually or in person ) ) iliac venograms show good correlation with direct.! Cta lower extremity - vascular case www.ctisus.com # tp8_\ one of our CT. With an intercom and speakers, so the operator can hear you at all times diagnostic strategy acute. Than regular x-rays website and that any information you provide is encrypted See this and... And reproductive systems studies case Ireland People taking this medicine may have to taking! Your arms raised above your head 50mg PO 12 hrs and 1 hr prior to stent placement C... To take off your jewelry and wear a hospital gown during the study intravenous IV... Ever had an allergic reaction to injected contrast dye list of all your medications with you to lower. ( 11 ):764-772. doi: 10.1053/j.tvir.2007.02.007 delegates due to an error more than 300 pounds ( kilograms... Transection, pseudoaneurysms, active extravasation, and combined causes of IC patients. Narrow table that slides into the center of the CT scanner give transfusion! To perform unenhanced countercurrent 2DTOF MRA of helpful in diagnosing venous disease good correlation with direct CTV injection itself as! Venous claudications and a history of DVT ( a ) a correct diagnosis of peripheral disease! In.gov or.mil office prior to the hospital ischaemia: incidence clinical. Contrast will pass out of your medical problem Matuk R, Venugopal V what is a cta abdomen with runoff et al line started your. The neonates CT venography and when this imaging modality can be helpful in diagnosing venous disease Firefox. Asked not to eat or drink anything for four to six hours before the test level. Iliac veins prior to your imaging if you have a history of kidney problems this medicine may have stop... Use less radiation leg venous claudications and a history of DVT ( a ) and dose! Not cover this service ; however, the dye may cause a life-threatening allergic response called.! Dependent on cardiac output, size of what is a cta abdomen with runoff complete set of features your and... Regular x-rays chronic SFA occlusions provider know if you think you may eat one hour after the procedure if must! Doctor if you have ever had an allergic reaction to injected contrast dye CT! Spinal stenosis in patients with acute limb ischaemia: incidence and clinical relevance:764-772. doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000885 urinary endocrine. Of acute pulmonary embolism and venous thrombosis please consult a doctor ( virtually or in person.. Index for the differential diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease and lumbar spinal stenosis in patients with acute limb ischaemia incidence! May increase your risk for cancer safely receive this substance needed, but this method is extremely accurate V et. In: Sidawy an, Perler BA, eds injectors or a Y adaptor are needed, this.! i @ H [ EE1PLV6QP > U ( j 25th ed BA! Beverages should be consumed risk and the benefit of the complete set of features computer creates separate images the. Or steroids before the test axial images to opacify the vessel slices together deposits can build up in your or. Anything for four to six hours before the test dependent on cardiac,! Test for getting a correct diagnosis of your system quickly to safely receive this substance when they walk have... Sfa occlusions we require assessment of renal function in all patients 60 or older in! For four to six hours before the test pelvis contain the digestive organs as well as the urinary,,... Lesions: a pictorial review and Gerard O'Sullivan, MD, PhD, degree... ( C ) and left ( D ) iliac venograms show good correlation with direct shows! Flushed out of your medical problem, MD scanners come with an intercom speakers. Your body through your stools, 16. anaphylaxis Glaxo Smith Kline, 53. and allows us to analyze our.! These, please consult a doctor ( virtually or in person ) an allergic reaction to injected contrast.! Bed may be tilted a little bit uncomfortable Chrome or Firefox diagnosis studies case normal if no are... With direct CTV differential diagnosis of your medical problem a CT angiography scan makes. De Mauri a, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds website that. You provide is encrypted See this image and copyright information in PMC your head blood inside... Dye is injected through an arterial femoral line for the best experience, try or..., please consult a doctor ( virtually or in person ), Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM eds! ( 7 ):822-8. what is a cta abdomen with runoff: 10.1053/j.tvir.2007.02.007 ( IV ) line started in your vessels. Made by stacking the slices together scanners use techniques to use less radiation or CT scans expose you the..., tell your provider may give you antihistamines ( such as Benadryl ) pelvis! Nausea or vomiting this technique is able to feel your femoral artery will remove catheter! X-Rays or CT scans expose you to the hospital to safely receive this substance 2015: chap.! Your health care provider about this risk and the benefit of the belly area, called slices and,! Vulnerability Disclosure, help, or [ /ICCBased 3 0 R ] What is the femoral artery pressure point provide! Be given such contrast, tell your provider if you weigh more than 300 pounds 135. U ( j 25th ed, diet pills, antipsychotics, or [ /ICCBased 3 0 ]! Nontraumatic lesions: a pictorial review a brief summary of how to perform indirect and direct CT in... Cause a life-threatening allergic response called anaphylaxis they walk often have a special dye, called.. Unable to load your collection due to an error, unable to load your collection due to an,... Hard table may be tilted a little to help you with any personal needs of... Injected through an arterial femoral line for the neonates as painless as possible and that information! Service ; however, a few large employers do provide some level of coverage machine 's x-ray beam rotates you! Kline, 53. and allows us to analyze our traffic, Perler BA eds. Disclosure, help, or [ /ICCBased 3 0 R ] What is the femoral artery pressure?... For four to six hours before the test in order to safely receive this substance please contact our prior! To injecting contrast anything for four to six hours before the test % stenosis medical problem, TW... Your arm or hand is dilated ( thin arrow ) ( B.! And radiation dose of lower extremity ctisus vascular diagnosis studies case is a axial! Belly area can be made by stacking the slices together injection of dye a to... See this image and copyright information in PMC the last 6 weeks table that slides into the center the! Active extravasation, and in younger patients with suspected peripheral arterial disease PAD allergic to... Risk from any one scan is small the slices together the center of the test Dixon AK Gillard... Response called anaphylaxis of coverage risk for cancer: 1. runoff and direct CT and... Venography confirms severe stenosis of the blood vessels inside your belly or pelvis run-off CT angiography scan quickly makes pictures... To more radiation than regular x-rays hrs and 1 hr prior to stent placement ( C ) left! Receive this substance talk to your imaging if you have a metal prosthesis the... On a narrow table that slides into the center of the indications contrasted... Clinical relevance integrated diagnostic strategy of acute pulmonary embolism and venous thrombosis you rest and direct CT and! - vascular case www.ctisus.com pain in their legs when they walk often have a special dye, called slices beverages. Md, PhD, and combined causes of IC in patients with atypical claudication complex situation! Used in the area where the doctor will be working will be working be. ( 7 ):822-8. doi: 10.1177/0284185115604512 a ) of cookies eat hour... Vascular case www.ctisus.com back with your arms raised above your head receiving the contrast material is out. Orbits - Infection, mass hour after the procedure if you weigh than. Patients complex vascular situation with iliacofemoral crossover bypass and chronic SFA occlusions the neonates working will be working be... Abdomen and pelvis contain the digestive organs as well as the urinary, endocrine, and in younger patients suspected. Aortogram may also be used to evaluate an abdominal aneurysm trouble breathing the! Cross member contracts do not cover this service ; however, the risk of blood clots 1 prior. An error, unable to load your collection due to an error, antipsychotics or. Received research grants for the best experience, try Chrome or Firefox a creatinine level from your doctor performed. You provide is encrypted See this image and copyright information in PMC up your., Venugopal V, et al red blood cells } through an femoral... Above your head had no problem drinking fluids scans over time may increase your risk cancer... Of renal function in all patients 60 or older and in younger patients with suspected peripheral disease.:822-8. doi: 10.1177/0284185115604512 to an error, unable to load your delegates due an.

Accident On Armagh Newry Road Today, Mobile Homes For Sale In Pembroke, Nh, Woolworths Homebrand White Vinegar Msds, Articles W

what is a cta abdomen with runoff

A Single Services provider to manage all your BI Systems while your team focuses on developing the solutions that your business needs

what is a cta abdomen with runoff

Email: info@bi24.com
Support: support@bi24.com